For every one-point increase in an occupation's exposure to AI, men's employment grew 6.3%. Women's grew 0.2%. That's the finding from Pew's Nicole Smith, who compared employment before and after generative AI became widely available, and the divide was concentrated among workers without bachelor's degrees. Among college graduates, neither group's employment changed significantly with greater exposure.

Women without degrees often work as receptionists, secretaries and customer-service representatives, where AI can handle more tasks. Their male counterparts are more concentrated in trucking and construction, so the gains Pew found for men without degrees in highly exposed occupations apply to a relatively small share of them. The study doesn't establish that AI caused the employment changes, but it identifies an education divide that wasn't there in the pre-AI data.

A separate look at hiring shows another divide. LinkedIn data NBC News reported in August found that women accounted for a quarter of new hires in AI roles last year and half of new hires in non-AI jobs. AI roles were growing faster and paying more. Maria Flynn, CEO of Jobs for the Future, warned that women missing those opportunities could also miss the experience and advancement that position people for leadership later.

Flynn's organization also co-produced the Gallup job-quality study Axios's Emily Peck summarizes today. Only 41 percent of workers meet Gallup's standards for a quality job, the same share as last year. Those standards include fair pay and benefits, a safe and respectful workplace, and a predictable schedule. Older workers and those with advanced degrees are more likely to have one. The twist Peck flags is that AI use is more common in those better jobs, whose occupants are also worried about being replaced.

The Atlantic turns to men outside the workforce altogether. Keith Humphreys and Brent Orrell write that about one in 10 prime-age men are economically inactive, even as mining, logging, construction and manufacturing have roughly 800,000 openings. They argue that reconnecting these men to work requires addressing addiction and work readiness alongside wages and benefits. Among their recommendations is one aimed at schools: restoring attendance and homework expectations they say slipped during the pandemic.

New York is trying to widen access to the AI jobs themselves. Fortune reports that the city and state are investing $10 million in an AI Jobs Institute in Long Island City, run by the nonprofit Pursuit, with a goal of training up to 40,000 New Yorkers by 2032. Former Education Secretary Miguel Cardona will chair its national advisory council. Pursuit recruits through public housing, libraries and community groups, and says it wants lower-income residents at the front of the line this time. Fortune's Catherina Gioino notes that the announcement sets no placement or wage targets. Hochul's FutureWorks Commission, which is charged with job quality and the safety net alongside training, owes its proposals by the end of December.

— Thomas

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